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The paper discusses the methodical problems encountered when making up the list of archaeophytes appearing in Poland. The updated list of archaeophytes (Tab.1) including data on their appearance in archaeological excavations according to the Archaeobotanical Data Base (Lityńska-Zając unpublished) has been attached as one of the principal parts of the paper.
In the present paper, the ruderal vegetation of a small town is characterized. Based on phytosociological studies, 43 associations and 5 communities were distinguished in eight functional and spatial complexes. For most of them, the diagnostic communities were identified and compared with the literature. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the type of ruderal community and...
One of the many areas where Matteucia struthiopteris (L.) Tod. is found in Poland is the upper part of the Vistula River Valley, mainly in the Silesian Foothills and the Silesian Beskid. From 2005 to 2010, floristic and phytosociological studies were carried out to determine the presence of ostrich fern stands and plant communities that contain this species. As a result of this study, 31 sites on...
Demographic studies often point out the poor state of insular populations of Hacquetia epipactis. The species is under strict protection. This is due to both natural and anthropogenic factors, including the collection of intact plants for gardens. As a form of integrated protection, an attempt at ex situ propagation was undertaken using seeds and tissue culture.
The paper presents the characteristics of Sudeten grasslands (species composition, floral diversity and habitat parameters) from the perspective of diversified management. On the sites examined, hay meadows were found with Arrhenatheretum elatioris, variant with Trisetum flavescens and pastures of Lolio-Cynosuretum. Mowing and grazing promoted floristic diversity. There were few grass species. On...
Among many threats to global biodiversity, invasion by alien species are perceived as very important. Activities aimed at counteracting this process should be preceded by updating the list of alien species and choosing appropriate terminology and classifications. In the paper, terminology still used by Polish authors is compared with that used in current English-language publications. Some examples...
Along a 4.8 km long stretch of the ecological corridor of the lêza river, 175 patches dominated by Helianthus tuberosus s.l. were found. Among them, about two-thirds are not bigger than 4 m2, but many of the other patches cover areas of several hundred square meters to about 1300 m2. The effect of the H. tuberosus stands on the vegetation of anthropogenic habitats was studied at two sites: one post-agricultural...
In Lower Silesia, three goldenrod species introduced from North America are found: Solidago gigantea Aiton (late goldenrod), S. canadensis L. (Canadian goldenrod) and S. graminifolia (L.) Elliott. (grass-leaved goldenrod). A native species is also found: Solidago virgaurea L. (common goldenrod). Distribution of these species was surveyed using sampling plots in a 10x10 km grid. The impact of increasing...
Scutelaria altissima L. is a very rare alien anthrophytic species in Poland. It is found in the western laceland forest where it goes through its full life cycle, including developing fruits and seeds. Every year, it extends its territory due to favorable natural conditions. For the first time, the species has been included in the geographic-historical group of holoagriophytes.
The paper reports the share of anthropophytes in small forest complexes i.e. in forest patches along watercourses, tree lines along roadsides, and clumps of trees surrounded by fields in the Żuławy Wiślane. The largest share in the flora of the sites examined represents native species. Alien synanthropic species comprise about 17% of the total flora. Kenophytes represent 48% of the alien species,...
The aim of the present study was to investigate seeds of species that have survived near small mid-forest settlements for about 50 years after they were abandoned. Seed germination was observed on three squares devoid of vegetation established previously on places of former grasslands and yards. On the plots previously covered by perennial ruderal-meadow vegetation of Urtico-Aegopodietum podagrariae...
This study is part of a long term, multi-faceted research project on rates and directions of spontaneous vegetation dynamics after cessation of agricultural land use, and on the effects of anthropogenic modifications of this process by managed mowing or plowing. The results are based on data from a permanent plot established in Wielkopolski National Park in 1976. This article presents share spectra...
Floristic and ecological data was collected three times (in 2000, 2006 and 2011) in fifteen urban parks in Wrocław. Results were compared to determine whether bryophytes can survive in urban environments, or whether they die off because of the constant pressure of urbanization. Other questions examined include whether bryophytes remain in the same habitats, or whether they change their spatial distribution;...
Various types of artificial habitats are associated with the modified landscapes. Among them are abandoned sand and gravel pits. These sites have a varied terrain. The presence of slopes, elevations, depressions and ponds creates favorable conditions for the colonization and development of species from very different habitats. Exploitation of raw materials and the accompanying infrastructure lead...
The conservation status of the communities of the class Asplenietea trichomanis was studied in 2010 in southern Poland. In all, 81 sites with rocky plant communities were selected, and 270 phytosociological relevés were collected. Alien species were found at 27% of the sites. This indicates that the rocky communities there are exposed to strong pressure of plant invasion. The most common alien species...
In this study highly invasive plant species from the Fallopia genus (Fallopia japonica and Fallopia ×bohemica) were investigated for their ability to accumulate heavy metals. Samples were collected from two large cities: Wroclaw and Prague. The content of Cr, Cd, Fe, Pb and Zn in soils covered by Knotweed taxa was determined. Afterwards, plant samples were collected from the places where the largest...
A survey was carried out on the vascular flora of monandocks used for rock climbing in the Mirowskie Skały in the Krakowsko-Częstochowska Upland. The flora along six routes of varying degrees of difficulty was analyzed and compared to that of a control route that was rarely used for rock climbing. The study indicates that it is necessary to control tourism and rock climbing in the Kraków-Czestochowa...
The expansion of invasive plants along the transport routes is a problem especially noticeable in the regional scale. Even if the sites of species result from direct human intervention, it is difficult to identify the responsible person. One of new sites of Fallopia japonica in Lower Silesia was established as a result of road reparation works.
Anthropopressure directly and indirectly affects changes in species composition in plant communities, including communities of Phalaridetum arundinaceae. Variations in habitat conditions, especially moisture content, contribute to the disappearance of typical rush associations and lead to the development of lower phytosociological units. The natural value of Phalaridetum arundinaceae syntaxons is...
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